Does Tillich Have A Hidden Debt To Kant? | ||
| پژوهش‌های فلسفی -کلامی | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 21، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 81، مهر 1398، صفحه 73-88 اصل مقاله (4.85 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22091/jptr.2019.4191.2093 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| Stephen R. Palmquist* | ||
| Professor of Philosophy, Dept. of Religion and Philosophy, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Stephen R. Palmquist* Received: 20/03/2019 | Accepted: 15/04/2019 After briefly recounting a strange, quasi-mystical experience I had while first reading Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, I devote most of this article to exploring various similarities between theories Kant developed and ideas more commonly associated with Paul Tillich. Hints are drawn from Chris Firestone’s book, Kant and Theology at the Boundaries of Reason, which argues that my interpretation of Kant echoes themes in Tillich’s ontology. Among the themes whose Kantian roots I explore are Tillich’s theories of: God as the Ground of Being; faith as ultimate concern; courage as the proper life-choice in the face of the anxiety that naturally arises out of an honest response to the human situation, given our fundamental alienation from the divine; the crucial role of cultural symbols in bringing faith into historically realistic expressions; political forms as ideally self-negating; and love as a gift that we must express with power and justice in order to be efficacious. After considering whether Kant influenced Tillich more than Tillich ever admitted, I conclude by wondering if my own effort to develop an “affirmative” interpretation of Kant’s theory of religion may have itself had a hidden influence from my prior reading of Tillich. Immanuel Kant, Paul Tillich, faith as ultimate concern, courage, symbols, selfnegating politics, love as gift. * Professor of Philosophy, Dept. of Religion and Philosophy, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China ׀ stevepq@hkbu.edu.hk 🞕 Palmquist. S. R. (2019). Does Tillich Have A Hidden Debt To Kant. The Journal of Philosophical-Theological Research, 21(81), 73۔ 88. doi: 10.22091/jptr.2019.4191.2093 | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Immanuel Kant؛ Paul Tillich؛ faith as ultimate concern؛ courage؛ symbols؛ self-negating politics؛ love as gift | ||
| موضوعات | ||
| فلسفه دین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Does Tillich Have A Hidden Debt To Kant? | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Stephen R. Palmquist | ||
| Professor of Philosophy, Dept. of Religion and Philosophy, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Stephen R. Palmquist* Received: 20/03/2019 | Accepted: 15/04/2019 After briefly recounting a strange, quasi-mystical experience I had while first reading Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, I devote most of this article to exploring various similarities between theories Kant developed and ideas more commonly associated with Paul Tillich. Hints are drawn from Chris Firestone’s book, Kant and Theology at the Boundaries of Reason, which argues that my interpretation of Kant echoes themes in Tillich’s ontology. Among the themes whose Kantian roots I explore are Tillich’s theories of: God as the Ground of Being; faith as ultimate concern; courage as the proper life-choice in the face of the anxiety that naturally arises out of an honest response to the human situation, given our fundamental alienation from the divine; the crucial role of cultural symbols in bringing faith into historically realistic expressions; political forms as ideally self-negating; and love as a gift that we must express with power and justice in order to be efficacious. After considering whether Kant influenced Tillich more than Tillich ever admitted, I conclude by wondering if my own effort to develop an “affirmative” interpretation of Kant’s theory of religion may have itself had a hidden influence from my prior reading of Tillich. * Professor of Philosophy, Dept. of Religion and Philosophy, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China ׀ stevepq@hkbu.edu.hk 🞕 Palmquist. S. R. (2019). Does Tillich Have A Hidden Debt To Kant. The Journal of Philosophical-Theological Research, 21(81), 73۔ 88. doi: 10.22091/jptr.2019.4191.2093 | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Immanuel Kant, Paul Tillich, faith as ultimate concern, courage, symbols, self-negating politics, love as gift | ||
| مراجع | ||
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- Boss, M. (2017). Chapter 1. Which Kant? Whose Idealism? Paul Tillich’s Philosophical Training Reappraised. In S. A. Shearn & R. R. Manning (Eds.), Returning to Tillich: Theology and Legacy in Transition (pp. 13-30). De Gruyter. - Clayton, P. (2014). Wolfhart Pannenberg (1928-2014). Theoblogy (September 7). Retrieved September 27, 2019, from: https://www.patheos.com/blogs/tonyjones/2014/09/07/wolfhart-pannenberg-1928-2014/. - Davidovich, A. (1993). Religion as a Province of Meaning the Kantian Foundations of Modern Theology. Fortress Press. - Dorrien, G. (2012). Kantian Reason and Hegelian Spirit: The Idealistic Logic of Modern Theology (1st edition). Wiley-Blackwell. - Firestone, C. L. (2009). Kant and Theology at the Boundaries of Reason. Ashgate.. - Firestone, C. L., & Palmquist, S. R. (2006). Editors’ Introduction. In C. L. Firestone & S. R. Palmquist (Eds.), Kant and the New Philosophy of Religion. Indiana University Press (pp.1-39).. - Kant, I. (1793/1794). Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason (W. S. Pluhar & S. R. Palmquist, Trans.). In S. R. Palmquist, Comprehensive Commentary on Kant’s Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason. Wiley-Blackwell.. - Love, B. (2010). Kant’s Religious Perspective on the Human Person. In S. R. Palmquist (Ed.), Cultivating Personhood: Kant and Asian Philosophy, (pp. 563-72). De Gruyter. doi:10.1515/9783110226249.3.563. - Love, B. (2012). Tillich on Eros and Logos and the Beauty of Kant. North American Paul Tillich Society Bulletin, 38.4, 10-14. - Palmquist, S. R. (1984). Faith as Kant’s Key to the Justification of Transcendental - Palmquist, S. R. (1989). Immanuel Kant: A Christian Philosopher? Faith and Philosophy, 6(1), 65-75. doi: 10.5840/faithphil1989619. - Palmquist, S. R. (1993). Biblical Theocracy: A vision of the biblical foundations for a Christian political philosophy Philopsychy Press.. - Palmquist, S. R. (1997). Kant’s Critical Hermeneutic of Prayer. The Journal of Religion, 77(4), 584-604. doi: 10.1086/490067. - Palmquist, S. R. (2000a). Kant’s Critical Religion: Volume Two of Kant’s System of Perspectives. Ashgate.. - Palmquist, S. R. (2000b). Philosophy of Religion after Kant and Kierkegaard. In D. Z. Phillips & T. Tessin (Eds.), Kant and Kierkegaard on Religion (pp. 245-62). Macmillan. doi: 10.1007/978-1-349-62906-0_11. - Palmquist, S. R. (2009). Kant’s Religious Argument for the Existence of God: The Ultimate Dependence of Human Destiny on Divine Assistance. Faith and Philosophy, 26(1), 3-22. doi: faithphil20092611. - Palmquist, S. R. (2010). Kant’s Ethics of Grace: Perspectival Solutions to the Moral Difficulties with Divine Assistance. The Journal of Religion, 90(4), 530-53. doi: 10.1086/654821. - Palmquist, S. R. (2012). To Tell the Truth on Kant and Christianity: Will the Real Affirmative Interpreter Please Stand Up! Faith and Philosophy, 29(3), 340-46. doi: faithphil201229334. - Palmquist, S. R. (2014). Gary Dorrien, Kantian Reason and Hegelian Spirit: The Idealistic Logic of Modern Theology. The Journal of Religion, 94(2), 263-65. doi: 10.1086/676615. - Palmquist, S. R. (2015). Kant’s Prudential Theory of Religion: The Necessity of Historical Faith for Moral Empowerment. Con-Textos Kantianos. International Journal of Philosophy, 1(1), 57-76. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18505. - Palmquist, S. R. (2016). Comprehensive Commentary on Kant’s Religion Within the Bounds of Bare Reason. Wiley-Blackwell.. - Palmquist, S. R. (2017). Kant’s Model for Building the True Church: Transcending “Might Makes Right” and “Should Makes Good” through the Idea of a Non-Coercive Theocracy. Diametros, (54), 76-94. doi: 10.13153/diam.54.2017.1134. - Palmquist, S. R. (2019). Kant and Mysticism: Critique as the Experience of Baring All in Reason’s Light. Lexington Books.. - Perottet, C. (2012). Au-delà du criticisme kantien: La méthode critique-intuitive dans la première philosophie de la religion de Paul Tillich. Presses de l’Université Laval.. - Tillich, P. (1919). What Is Religion? (Trans. J. L. Adams, 1969. Harper & Row.) Selections reprinted in Paul Tillich: Theologian of the Boundaries (M. K. Taylor, Ed.), pp. 35-66. Fortress Press. - Tillich, P. (1951/1957a/1963). Systematic Theology, three volumes. University of Chicago Press.. - Tillich, P. (1952). The Courage To Be. Yale University Press.. - Tillich, P. (1956). The Religious Situation. Meridian.. - Tillich, P. (1957b). The Protestant Era. University of Chicago Press.. - Tillich, P. (1958/1957c). Dynamics of Faith. Harper.. - Tillich, P. (1966). The Future of Religions (J. C. Brauer, Ed.). Harper & Row. Selections reprinted in Paul Tillich: Theologian of the Boundaries (M. K. Taylor, Ed.), pp. 312-23. Fortress Press. - Tillich, P. (1972). A History of Christian Thought From Its Judaic and Hellenistic Origins to Existentialism (C. E. Braaten, Ed.). Simon and Schuster.. - Tillich, P. (1974). Mysticism and Guilt-Consciousness in Schelling’s Philosophical Development (C. McKnight, Ed.). Bucknell University Press.. - Tillich, P. (1983/1971). Political Expectation. University Press of America.. - Tillich, P. (1989). Philosophical Background of my Theology. Chapter 11 in Tillich, P. Philosophical Writings (G. Wenz, Ed.), pp. 411-20. De Gruyter. - Tillich, P. (1996). [The Irrelevance and Relevance of the Christian Message] (D. Foster, Ed.). Wipf and Stock. - Tillich, P. (2016). Advanced Problems in Systematic Theology: Courses at Union Theological Seminary, New York, 1936-1938 (E. Sturm, Ed.). Vol. XIX in Ergānzungs- und Nachlassbānde zu den gesammelten Werke von Paul Tillich.De Gruyter. - Vanden Auweele, D. (2019). Kant and Schelling on the Ground of Evil. International Journal for Philosophy of Religion, 85(2), 235-253. doi: 10.1007/s11153-019-09701-6. | ||
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